HAEMORRHOIDAL ARTERY LIGATION COMPARED TO ALTERNATIVE SURGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE TREATMENT OF GRADE II-IV HAEMORRHOIDS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Haemorrhoidal artery ligation compared to alternative surgical techniques for the treatment of grade II-IV haemorrhoids: A systematic review

Background.Haemorrhoidal disease is a common disorder in the Western World that commonly requires surgical treatment, but original open techniques were associated with significant complications and pain.Haemorrhoidal Arterial Ligation (HAL) has gained popularity for Boys athletic-sweaters relatively low complication and postoperative pain rates.Thi

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Social and Individual Factors Influence Variation in Offspring Care in the Cooperatively Breeding Western Australian Magpie

In cooperatively breeding species, the level of Coupe Mugs investment in young can vary substantially.Despite receiving considerable research attention, how and why investment in young varies with cooperatively breeding group members remains unclear.To investigate the causes of variation in care of young, we assessed patterns of both helper and par

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Attunement and Multispecies Communication in Fermentation

Terada Honke is a natural sake brewery that utilizes practices like call-and-response and work song to coordinate its fermentation processes across human and microbial participants.I call attention to the concept of attunement, which is the ability to notice, apprehend, and connect with others in meaningful response.Drawing on ethnographic fieldwor

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